Workflow 4.7Ī speedy and intuitive workflow is a must for music production, and it’s an area where these controllers shine. It’s not the most common feature in 88-key controllers with hammer-action keys, so it’s particularly nice to see on the S88. We love that aftertouch is included in all models it’s one of the most intuitive ways to add a new dimension to your performance. The built-in arpeggiator is one of the best features because it opens up a world of melodic lines that can provide the desired result quickly and often deliver unexpected results when you need an inspiration boost. Scale mode allows you to map the keyboard to a particular scale, making it easier (especially for less experienced players) to use exotic scales.Ĭhord mode allows you to trigger complex chords with a single key, which can be a massive timesaver for producers of all levels. The S series smart keyboard controllers offer Scale, Chord, and Arpeggiator modes. Touch strips often replace pitch/mod wheels on many controllers, and we generally don’t like to see that, but in this case, you get the best of both worlds! Production tools 4.5 They provide enough range, and smooth action, without being too sensitive. The pitch/mod wheels feel great and somewhat compensate for the lack of faders. The included controls are fantastic a few faders would have been a welcome addition. When playing synth/electronic sounds, tweaking parameters with the assignable knobs is perfect it will feel like a hardware synth.īut, as many media composers will tell you, robust faders are the best tools for adjusting/automating expression in orchestral instruments. But, the lack of faders will bother some users, especially fans of orchestral sounds. You can do a lot with these controls, and the push encoder makes browsing sounds/settings a simple task, as we’ll discuss further below. Rotary knobs and push encoderĮach model has the same set of assignable controls, including eight touch-sensitive rotary knobs and a four-way push encoder. Native Instruments are known to favour a speedy, intuitive workflow, so let’s see what these controllers have to offer. So, it’s very unlikely that you’d have any complaints, but you’ll pay a premium for the experience.Īvailable at: Sweetwater Amazon Assignable controls 4.6Īssignable controls often make or break a MIDI controller. We love them, but they come at a price beyond what we could reasonably call value for money. The S series provides fantastic controllers designed with a smooth workflow in mind, especially when using Native Instruments software. Image credit: Native Instruments Our verdict on the Komplete Kontrol S 4.7
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10/23/2023 0 Comments Macx video converter pro proWhy I cannot delete MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0? Being prompted that “The item MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 can’t be moved to the Trash because it’s open”? This message occurs because MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 (or its background process) is still running. This act is irrevocable so you must do it with caution. Note that the moment you empty the Trash, the app will be permanently removed from your Mac. During the process, you may be prompted to enter an administrator’s password to make the deletion take effect. Or choose right click Trash icon, choose Empty Trash, and Empty Trash again in the pop-up dialog.īesides, you also can trash the app from the Launchpad interface. Step 5: Choose Finder > Empty Trash from the Menu bar.Step 4: If prompted, enter administrator password and hit OK to allow the change.Also, you can right-click/control click MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 icon and then choose Move to Trash option from the sub menu. Step 3: Search for MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 in the /Applications folder, then drag its icon to the Trash icon located at the end of the Dock, and drop it there. Step 2: Launch Finder on your Mac, and click Applications in the Finder sidebar.Step 1: Quit MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 as well as its related process(es) if they are still running.Here’s the regular steps to uninstall MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 on Mac: In most circumstances you can take the drag-and-drop way to delete MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 from your computer. Most Mac apps are self-contained, and the trash-to-delete option works on all versions of Mac OS X and later. Question 1: How can I uninstall MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 from my Mac? So, when you decide to uninstall MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 on Mac, you will need to tackle the following two questions. The trash-to-delete method may leave some junk files behind, resulting in incomplete uninstall. That means, if you simply trash the app and think the removal is done, you’re wrong. Additionally, some apps may create supporting files, caches, login files scattering around the system directory. General knowledge: Once installed, an app is typically stored in the /Applications directory, and the user preferences for how the app is configured are stored in ~/Library/Preferences directory. If you have no clue how to do it right, or have difficulty in getting rid of MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0, the removal solutions provided in the post could be helpful. This page is about how to properly and thoroughly uninstall MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 from Mac. Removing applications on Mac is pretty straightforward for experienced users yet may be unfamiliar to newbies. Perfect Solutions to Uninstall MacX Video Converter Pro 6.3.0 for Mac 10/23/2023 0 Comments Paul blanco norcoCurrent mileage may vary due to test drives and vehicle relocation. We make every effort to provide accurate information including but not limited to price, miles and vehicle options, but please verify with your local Enterprise Car Sales location before purchasing. In WA state, a documentary service fee in an amount up to $200 may be added to the purchase price or capitalized cost. Price does not include processing, administrative, dealer conveyance fee, closing, dealer and handling, or similar fees of $399 or less, except in the following states where the advertised price is inclusive of this fee: CO, GA, IA, IN, KY, MA, NE, NH, NJ, SC, and TN. Price includes all costs to be paid by a consumer, except for licensing costs, registration fees, and taxes also not included are title registration, tag, governmental fees, electronic filing charges (excluding CO), any emissions testing and/or state inspection fees, transfer fee, and any finance charges (if applicable). Email me about upcoming Enterprise offers. Find the location of Enterprise car dealerships nearby and hours open today. Search Ecars listings to shop cars online. Learn more about used car sales offers and car trade-in values at Enterprise Car Sales. Research our best offers on used auto sales to find low price cars for sale nationwide. Our used car website offers a large selection of used cars for sale near you, including: Chevy, Honda, Ford, Toyota, Dodge, Ram, Nissan, Hyundai, Kia, Chrysler, Mazda, Mitsubishi, Jeep, Volkswagen, GMC, Buick, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Cadillac, Lincoln, Volvo, Infiniti, Lexus, Acura, Audi, Subaru, Land Rover, Fiat. Plus, our used vehicles and rental cars for sale come with an Enterprise vehicle certification, 12/12 limited powertrain warranty and 12-month unlimited roadside assistance.Įnterprise Car Sales inventory includes used cars, trucks, vans and SUVs that may be selected from the Enterprise Rent-A-Car fleet. Enterprise gives you up to 7 days or 1,000 mile return policy, which can help ensure your satisfaction when buying a used car. Compare used cars for sale by owner to our used car dealerships. When you buy used cars from Enterprise Car Sales, you get our 7-day buyback, so if you change your mind, we’ll buy a car back with no questions asked. Compare used car prices on sedans, coupes, convertibles, hatchbacks, wagons, sport utility, crossovers, hybrids, electric, and luxury cars. Visit our nearby used car dealerships in your area to shop cars for sale. Enterprise auto dealerships offer a wide variety of low mileage used cars for sale to fit your budget. We offer a low-pressure used car sales experience to help you find quality used vehicles and rental cars for sale. Each wipe includes directions for use and is accompanied by instructions to use it on the vehicle’s high-touch, hard non-porous surfaces.Īll of our used car dealerships offer no-haggle pricing, which makes it easy to compare national car sales online and find used car deals now at Enterprise car dealers near you. Clorox Disinfecting Wipes are approved by the EPA to kill SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, when used as directed on hard, non-porous surfaces. We are providing a one-count Clorox Disinfecting Wipe in every vehicle to give you extra confidence during your test drive. This includes vacuuming, general wipe down, and sanitizing with a disinfectant that meets leading health authority requirements, with particular attention to more than 20-plus high-touch points including:Įnterprise is also proud to offer a program with Clorox ®, one of the most trusted brands for powerful cleaning, and implement near- and long-term enhancements to our Complete Clean Pledge. Additionally, each of our vehicles is thoroughly cleaned between every test drive and backed with our Complete Clean Pledge. Our team members are following best practices recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other leading health authorities during this Coronavirus outbreak. 10/23/2023 0 Comments Php file line countcount() function will count the number of elements in the array. trucking company Yellow Corp (YELL.O) has ceased operations and is filing for bankruptcy after failing to reorganize and refinance over a billion. So here $all_lines variable holds the whole text file as an array. Special note: The file() function actually returns an array. This above program will give you the number of lines in a text file. This constant is mostly used while debugging the code or to get line number of the error. ' > Output: The line number of this code is '34'. Example 1 fseek () example Directories 3 Files 10 Size Lines of Code (LOC) 1882 Comment Lines of Code (CLOC) 255 (13.55) Non-Comment Lines of Code (NCLOC) 1627 (86.45) Logical Lines of Code (LLOC) 377 (20.03) Classes 351 (93.10) Average Class Length 35 Minimum Class Length 0 Maximum Class. Hello, I have posted several posts on working with a text file in PHP. Here's a sample PHPLOC report: phploc src phploc 4.0.0 by Sebastian Bergmann. 10/23/2023 0 Comments Newark nj to tampa flUse our ‘no change fee’ filter to see which flights have this option. Make sure you’re not out of pocket if plans change by choosing a flexible ticket with penalty-free amendment and cancellation options. The journey takes around 2 hour(s) 43 min(s) – so you’ll be there before you know it.įlexible airline tickets for JetBlue Airways flights from Tampa TPA to Newark EWR If you’re keen to be on Newark soil fast, don’t waste time with a stopover-filter your search results to show direct JetBlue Airways flights only. You’ll usually find lower cost tickets when you travel during quieter months such as September, or if you book a flight with a stopover.įind nonstop flights from Tampa TPA to Newark EWR with JetBlue Airways If you’re looking for cheap flights, it helps to be flexible when it comes to your travel dates. How to find our best airfare deals on JetBlue Airways flights from Tampa TPA to Newark EWR Thanks to Travelocity’s Price Match Promise, if you find a better airfare deal anywhere else within 24 hours, we’ll credit or refund the difference. To find a cheap JetBlue Airways flight from Tampa TPA to Newark EWR, sort your search results by price or filter by budget. The easy way to find cheap flights to Newark EWR from Tampa TPA with JetBlue Airways Right now, a one-way JetBlue Airways flight from Tampa to Newark costs from $59. Prices and availability subject to change. By booking in advance you can find great deals on one-way tickets too. Additional terms may apply.īook one-way JetBlue Airways flights from Tampa TPA to Newark EWRĪ one-way ticket gives you much greater flexibility-allowing you to choose your return date, destination, and time whenever you’re ready. With airfares ranging from $118 to $143, it’s easy to find a flight that suits your budget. Prices and availability subject to change. If you’re planning a round trip, booking return flights with JetBlue Airways is usually the most cost-effective option. Return flights from Tampa TPA to Newark EWR with JetBlue Airways You’ll find 2 flights to choose from and can sort by price, flight duration, and arrival or departure time. To find the best deals on flights to Tampa from Newark with JetBlue Airways, just enter your travel dates, filter by JetBlue Airways, and hit search. Discover our best JetBlue Airways flight from Tampa TPA to Newark EWR 10/22/2023 0 Comments Lightspeed outdoors insulated air padLightweight pad at only 850.49 gr (30 oz.) (approx. 1.5 inch thick, ultra-warm, self-inflating sleep pad. Made of water-resistant Polyester ripstop (top) Packs down small and weighs only 850.49 gr (30 oz.) making it ideal for backpacking or car camping.ĭozens of flexing air cells allow for fast inflation and distributes weight evenly An insulated layer provides extra warmth on a 7.62 cm (3 in.) pad. This water-resistant poly rip-stop pad has dozens of flexing air cells that keep you from bottoming out. Lightspeed Outdoors Insulated Air Mat Camping Mattress Sleeping Pad for Backpacking and Hiking Camp Air Mattress Inflating Sleeping Pad for Camping 77' x 25' x 3' Yellow. Lightspeed Outdoors Insulated Air Pad with Pillow Lightspeed Outdoors : Water Resistance Level : Water Resistant : Item Dimensions LxWxH : 77 x 25 x 2 inches : Item Weight : 3. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. Nemo Tensor Insulated Sleeping Pad, Regular - Gold. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Lightspeed Outdoors ECO Collection Self-Inflating Insulated Stadium Seat Cushion with Integrated Carry Bag Packable Foldable Lightweight Travel Cushion (ECO Parasailing), 27996-CU at. item 5 Lightspeed Outdoors Camping Self-Inflating Sleep Pad Air Bed with FlexForm NEW Lightspeed Outdoors Camping Self. Lightspeed Outdoors ECO 3D Deluxe Flexform Sleep Pad Green Bay. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Lightspeed Outdoors XL Super Plush Flexform Self-inflating Sleep and Camp. We do not guarantee this description to accurately describe the products being sold. Self-Inflating Sleep Pads Lightspeed Outdoors. Shop Lightspeed Outdoors PVC-Free Warmth Series Self Inflating Insulated Camp Foam Pad online at best prices at desertcart - the best international shopping platform in Sri Lanka. Pillow has a stain on itīelow is the manufacturers description. Lightweight pad at only 850.49 gr (30 oz.) (approx.Inspection: Did not blow up. This insulated sleep pad has an R-value of 4.87, meaning whether you're in the mountains or your backyard, you'll stay warm all night long. Made of water-resistant Polyester ripstop (top) Stay comfortable and warm during a night under the stars with the Lightspeed Outdoors Warmth Series PVC-Free Self-Inflating Sleep Pad for Camping. According to their statements, the R-value is 9.66. Packs down small and weighs only 850.49 gr (30 oz.) making it ideal for backpacking or car camping.ĭozens of flexing air cells allow for fast inflation and distributes weight evenly The pad with its foam and the air trapped inside provides great insulation. However, this is not the best seat pad for extreme hiking trips. This seat pad is for those people who care much about their comfort. It is ideal for most outdoor activities and can also be used for additional comfort during a budget air flight. Nemo Astro Insulated Regular Sleeping Pad Birch Bud Brand NEW. Lightspeed Outdoors Self-Inflating Insulated Seat Cushion. An insulated layer provides extra warmth on a 7.62 cm (3 in.) pad. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Lightspeed Outdoors Camping Self-inflating Sleep Pad Air Bed With Flexform at the best online. This water-resistant poly rip-stop pad has dozens of flexing air cells that keep you from bottoming out. Lightspeed Outdoors Insulated Air Pad with Pillow We do not guarantee this description to accurately describe the products being sold. No pillow.īelow is the manufacturers description. item 3 Lightspeed Outdoors Camping Self Inflating Green Sleeping Pad With Bag 74'x25' Lightspeed Outdoors Camping Self Inflating Green Sleeping Pad With Bag 74'x25' 25. 10/22/2023 0 Comments Unpacking 2010 white tabletIt's incredibly, incredibly satisfying, finding a place for everything. Your plates and cutlery have to go in drawers in the kitchen. You can't just leave your clothes in a pile on the bed and think, "I'll get to those later". The rooms and the items are beautiful, detailed and delicate things rendered in pixels, and the puzzle-y challenge is that you must place everything where it is, more or less, supposed to go. After you complete each level it goes in a photo album, and you can rearrange or replay any levels you like from there. These grow more complicated - the first level is just the kid's bedroom, but you eventually have to contend with a two storey house with a separate kitchen, dining and living room, an office, a walk-in wardrobe and more. Each of these levels sees you unpacking possessions from boxes, one at a time, and placing them in a home in isometric cutaway. Unpacking takes you through several landmark house moves for the same person, from their 90s childhood bedroom in their new family home, to their university dorm, a shared house with several roomies, single bed couples' flats, and so on. And comes with the creeping realisation that your life has as much meaning as can be physically stuffed into a few cardboard boxes.Īn extra special high-five, then, to Unpacking, which not only makes this stressful event a delightful puzzle, but also demonstrates that your life and things actually have incredible meaning. And you have to undertake it several times! The packing, the unpacking, the stuffing of old newspaper in gaps between fragile plates: it's all hell. wanting wives) that moving house is one of the worst things to undertake in adult life. It is a truth universally acknowledged (like the status of single men in possession of large fortunes viz. It tells a lovely story without words, leaves you room for interpretation, and invites you to be playful. Hang it upīlast Some Tunes - Interact with the Cassette Player.Įlectrical Hazard - Place the Hair Straightener in the sink.This compact little puzzle-story-game has care in every line. Rediscover Childhood - The lost poster is inside the Sliding Toy Cabinet. Like the previous two stages, moveable items already present within the stage must be moved to incorrect positions in order to complete a Dark Star run.Unlike the rest of the photos, the photo of the couple must be hidden away in the dresser to complete the stage, showing that P does not want to display this photo.P is seen to have her ex's censer implying she stole it after the breakup.Many items from the first stage can be found in this room. P mentions her sister and her used to use the same bathroom.You can interact with 3 items in this stage - The Cassette Player, Ukulele, and Lava Lamp.Book - Artemis Fowl: The Arctic Incident.Book - Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?.If the cassette player is interacted with ' It's Not You' will begin to play instead. The background song for this stage is called ' Lost and Found'. There are 2 boxes to unpack in this room. The floors are black and white patterned tile. The walls in the bathroom are white wood except inside the shower where there is blue tile walls. There is a towel rack on the left side of the sink and a 5 shelf table on the right side. On the right wall is a sink with 2 cabinets and 2 drawers underneath. Inside the shower is a tinted window and a windowsill used as a shelf. The bathroom has a sliding door shower on the left wall. There are 6 boxes to unpack in this room. The walls are purple wood and the floors are dark blue carpet. Much of the player characters old stuff is strewn throughout the room. There is a small white and purple cot in the corner. There is also a photograph of the player and her family. There is a sewing machine and tin on the desk. On the right wall is a desk with attached 3 shelves. There is a toy cabinet with sliding drawers. The bedroom has a window with curtains on the left wall. The fifth place you unpack is the player character's childhood bedroom again as they move back in with their family after moving out of their boyfriend's apartment. 10/22/2023 0 Comments Hafpor julius bjornsson wife heightThe last one is an issue related to the code of the website. When the HTML5 video is encoded with an unsupported codec of your browser, the HTML5 video not found error can also occur. Unsupported codec file in the broswer.This could be teh browser compatibility issue. Occationally, the HTML5 video can be played on a specific broswer like Chrome but failed in Firefox. If the cookies, historys and caches have malicious bugs, it will create problems to stop video playing on the webpage. Overloaded web browser history, cookies and caches.If the embedded HTML5 video get corrupted on the website, you cannot play the HTML5 video still. Corrupted embedded HTML5 video file in the website.Thus many people get stuck on playing HTML5 videos owing to they didn't update their browsers. The old version of browsers have no support for HTML5 videos as it doesn't support the HTML5 codecs. Here we'd like to list the main causes of HTML5 video not found error for your reference. To fix this error you must distinguish the specific reason leading the HTML5 video not playing on your browser. HTML5 video not found error can be caused by various reasons. Possible Causes of HTML5 Video Not Found Error HTML5 video is an advanced video element for playing the videos on the web browser. Firstly, HTML5 is a markup language that allows you to structure the appearance of web pages that use multimedia contents like applications, videos and animations. Why Does an HTML5 Video Not Found Error Occur? What is HTML5 Video?Īt the very beginning, you need make clear what is HTML5 video. Why Does an HTML5 Video Not Found Error Occur? In this article, you'll find out how this HTML5 video not found error occurs and quick fixes for the video playback issue. Why does it happen? How can you get your re-playable? This is a typical example of HTML5 video not found error, which implies that your web browser settings or the configuration of the video player are facing an HTML5 video error. Click here to visit out frequently asked question about HTML5 video."Īs above, it's really frustrated to encounter such error message when you're trying to play a video on YouTube, Dailymotion, Instagram or the like. "Your browser does not courrently recognize any of the video formats aviliable. 10/22/2023 0 Comments Prodeus gameThe level editor is built specifically for Prodeus and is designed for speed and ease of use. Anyone who owns the game on a PC will have the same tools used by the developers to make levels from scratch. Thus, Prodeus includes an integrated level editor from day one. The developers have stated that community engagement was considered a core principle of the game from the beginning. The launch trailer and later gameplay demos were created with a pre- alpha version of the game showcasing a typical level. Later, the two recruited Andrew Hulshult for the soundtrack and Josh "Dragonfly" O'Sullivan from the Doom modding community to work on level design. Around that time, Mojica reconnected with Voeller and decided to leave his job at Starbreeze Studios to join the project. By 2017, Voeller had decided to leave the industry to pursue an idea for a retro first-person shooter (that would become Prodeus). Development ĭevelopers Mike Voeller and Jason Mojica met while working together at Raven Software on Singularity. The only goal is to destroy Prodeus and anything that gets in the way. The player assumes control of a corrupted agent of Prodeus, the mysterious creator of the player and the game world. The game also has the option to dynamically convert enemy and item models to sprites, further simulating a retro experience. Though the game may be played entirely with modern visuals, the game allows the player to apply shaders that give the game a pixelated look, simulating resolutions down to 360p or even 216p. Prodeus employs a modern game engine to extend the experience of classic shooters with visuals such as dynamic lighting and particle effects, interactive levels, a gore system, and a dynamic soundtrack. To help the player find their way, and to aid in discovering secrets, the game features an automap similar in function to those featured in games such as Doom, Duke Nukem 3D, and Metroid Prime. The player must explore complex levels, sometimes searching out keys to progress, while engaging enemies in fast-paced combat using a variety of weapons. The developers describe Prodeus as "the first-person shooter of old, re-imagined using modern rendering techniques." The gameplay resembles that of classic 1990s first-person shooters such as Doom and Quake. The full game was released on macOS, Microsoft Windows, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X/S in September 2022. An early access version was released on November 9, 2020. The game was crowdfunded by a successful Kickstarter campaign in April 2019. That's not good.Prodeus is an indie first-person shooter video game developed by Bounding Box Software and published by Humble Games. I've found few out of many even tho I've searched for them. You can find them in the levels but strangely they are very well hidden. Also to buy things you must have gold nuggets. I went to the shop to buy the double jump but it's tier 2 whatever that mean so I can't buy it. I've saw on YouTube that jump is the way forward for sure. Ok im on the second hour and have stuck on one bing jump. The game suffer from what the old school games suffer but at least it doesn't suffer from what today's games suffer. I'm giving 7 compared to other games but honestly the game doesn't deserve more than 4. I got a bit bored at the end of that hour. The fun just begun and hop the level just ended. There are wide open places but the action arena is significantly smaller. Good level design, yeah, but it's all too claustrophobic at the beginning and as I saw on youtube maybe it would be the same for the rest of the game. They dying as quick as the normal monsters. They aren't aggressive as they should and often miss. The worst part is the incompetence of the stronger monsters. It's entertaining at the beginning but quickly fading away. The music is overall Doom 2016 copy-paste-ish thing. I can't believe this thing exist on the 360p mode. I'm at the beginning actually, played it for like one hour and what I can say is the following: (I played on Xbox one s) The good: that game really hitting the nostalgia about that kind of games, good controls, no lack of ammo, strong weapons, good level design, nice colors, visually the game is "as it suppose", massive potential ( to say the least). I'm at the beginning actually, played it for like one hour and what I can say is the following: (I played on Xbox I didn't finish the game. 10/22/2023 0 Comments Calculus teeth“Calculus” also refers to mineral buildups in the human body, including kidney stones and dental calculus. Because stones have been used throughout history for mathematical purposes, the word has come to be used in mathematical contexts. The word “calculus” is derived from the Latin word for “small stone” and has been used historically to refer to a variety of types of stones. This attachment loss is a significant marker of periodontitis. Subgingival calculus secretes proteins that lead to inflammation of the periodontium, and this inflammation leads to loss of bone and weakening of the attachment fibers that hold the teeth into the gums. Calculus is therefore also considered a cause of periodontitis. Any plaque that is allowed to remain on the teeth will eventually harden into calculus, and calculus encourages the formation and accumulation of further plaque. While plaque is not the only cause of periodontitis, it is a primary cause. When gingivitis progresses and the connective tissues that attach the gums to the teeth and bone are affected, the disease is called periodontitis. When calculus causes the tissues of the gums to become inflamed, this inflammation is called gingivitis. Factors that influence the development of dental calculus include age, gender, diet, location in the mouth, oral hygiene, ethnic background, access to care, disabilities and diseases, drugs and medications, tobacco use, and the genetics of the host. Dental calculus hardens in layers during periodic calcification events, but it is unclear what triggers these events. Calculus above the gumline, or supragingival calculus, is more prevalent on the exterior surfaces of the teeth in the upper jaw that are nearest the cheeks, and on the interior surfaces of the incisors in the lower jaw. There are also trace amounts of microscopic debris in calculus, including salivary protein, plant DNA, caseins, starches, textiles, and smoke particles. The main mineral in calculus is calcium phosphate, and the organic element is both cellular and extracellular matrix, including bacteria, yeast, proteins, and lipids. Dental calculus can only be removed by a dental health professional with a hand tool or an ultrasonic tool.Ĭalculus is made up of mineral and organic components. While brushing and flossing can remove dental plaque from the surfaces of the teeth, it cannot remove dental calculus, which is too hard to remove with a toothbrush. In addition to chronic inflammation of the gums, calculus can lead to bad breath and can cause the gum tissue to recede. Calculus forms at and above the gumline and can also form below the gumline, in the narrow groove between the gum tissue and the teeth. As new plaque forms on calculus and then hardens, calculus builds up and leads to gingivitis, or inflammation in the gums. When this reaction occurs, the bacteria within plaque is killed, but when the plaque hardens into calculus and forms a rough surface on the teeth, this creates a perfect breeding ground for the formation of new bacterial plaque. Dental calculus, also known as tartar, is hardened dental plaque that is caused by minerals in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid reacting with bacterial plaque that is found on the teeth. |
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